10.3390/aerospace13050480">
 

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

5-20-2026

Abstract

This paper arises from an ARPA-E-sponsored project seeking design opportunities to retrofit existing aircraft with hybrid electric propulsion systems. Engineers typically configure aircraft to fly a given payload over a long range, which is subject to field performance constraints. In practice, operators fly transport aircraft (civilian and military) in a manner where dispatch consciously trades payload and/or range to enable safe operations to and from short runways. This work describes a simple yet novel analytical process suitable for inclusion in conceptual design or technology portfolio trade study evaluations to assess the impacts of weight-restricted dispatch upon usable payloads. We find that options that increase low-speed thrust may maintain or improve the useful payload even if it substantially increases aircraft fixed weight. Conversely, otherwise desirable technologies that decrease low-speed thrust may severely impact the useful payload of aircraft operating to and from short runways.

Comments

© 2026 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is published by MDPI, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Source Publication

Aerospace (eISSN 2226-4310)

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