10.1002/cem.70112">
 

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

3-2026

Abstract

Manual morphological analysis of actinide particles from scanning electron microscope (SEM) imagery is a critical component of nuclear forensics but is prone to significant inter-analyst variability. To address this challenge, this work develops and evaluates an automated classification method using deep learning. We introduce a methodology based on partitioning 1906 SEM images, representing 13 classes of uranium compounds, into smaller patches for analysis. Three convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures of increasing complexity were compared: a custom baseline CNN, a simple transfer learning model using ResNet50v1, and a complex model featuring hierarchical feature extraction and a spatial attention mechanism built upon ResNet50v2. The final image classification was determined using a patch-based, class-balanced voting system. The complex model achieved a superior balanced accuracy of 94% on the test set, significantly outperforming the simple transfer learning model (89%) and the baseline model (77%). These results demonstrate that a sophisticated transfer learning architecture can serve as a robust, objective tool to increase the accuracy and consistency of actinide particle classification, thereby enhancing nuclear forensic capabilities.

Comments

© 2026 The Authors. Journal of Chemometrics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The full article is made available on AFIT Scholar as the repository of the authors' employer.  Shared in accordance with the CC-BY-NC license.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

Source Publication

Journal of Chemometrics (ISSN 0886-9383 | eISSN 1099-128X)

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